|
0-9
|
Top
|
|
|
|
|
10 BaseT
|
The IEEE 802.3 specification for Ethernet
over unshielded twisted pair (UTP); Basic Ethernet at 10 Mbit/sec.
|
|
100 BaseFX
|
100 Mbps Ethernet implementation over
fiber.
|
|
100 BaseT
|
Fast Ethernet; Ethernet running at 100
Mbit/sec.
|
|
100 BaseTX
|
The IEEE 802.3u specification for Fast
Ethernet over Category 5 (CAT5)unshielded twisted pair.
|
|
1000 Base-T
|
Ethernet running at 1,000 Mbit/sec
|
|
1G
|
First Generation. Refers to analog cellular
systems.
|
|
1xEV-DOCDMA
|
1x Evolution - Data Only
|
|
1xEV-DVCDMA
|
1x Evolution - Data and Voice services
|
|
1XRTT
|
cdma2000 operating mode at basic chip rate
(1.2288 Mcps)
|
|
2G
|
Second Generation. Refers to digital
cellular and PCS wireless systems oriented to voice and low speed data
services
|
|
2R
|
Receive, Reshape (an optical signal). See
3R
|
|
3GPP
|
The Third Generation Partnership Project,
set up to expedite the development of open, globally-accepted technical
specifications for 3G services.
|
|
3G Services
|
Shorthand term for "third generation
services." Generally applied to wideband mobile services.
|
|
3G
|
Third Generation. Refers to the next
generation of wireless systems - digital with high speed data. Being
standardized by 3GPP and 3GPP2
|
|
3GiA
|
3G Internet Appliance
|
|
3GPP
|
3rd Generation Partnership Project for
W-CDMA (GSM
|
|
3GPP2
|
3rd Generation Partnership Project for
cdma2000
|
|
3R
|
Reshaping, Retiming, Reamplifying (an
optical signal). See 2R
|
|
3XRTT
|
cdma2000 operating mode at 3 times the basic
chip rate of 1.2288 Mcps
|
|
802.11An
|
IEEE wireless Ethernet replacement
technology in the ISM band. Runs at approximately 10 Mbps
|
|
802.15
|
See Bluetooth
|
|
|
|
|
A
|
Top
|
|
|
|
|
A/D
|
Analog/Digital. Usually used in the context
of conversion from analog to digital (or vice-versa)
|
|
A3
|
GSM authentication algorithm
|
|
A5
|
GSM data encryption algorithm
|
|
A8
|
GSM voice encryption algorithm. Used to
generate Kc
|
|
AAA
|
Authentication, Authorization and Accounting
entity
|
|
AAL
|
AAL Adaptation Layer
|
|
A-bis
|
Interface between BTS and BSC
|
|
ABR
|
Average bit rate
|
|
ABS
|
Alternate Billing Service
|
|
Absorption
|
In an antenna, the process within a poorly
conducting material in which RF energy is absorbed and converted to heat
energy.
|
|
AC
|
Authentication Center. Stores information
for authenticating mobiles, and encrypting their voice and data transmissions
|
|
ACC
|
Analog Control Channel. See FSK
|
|
Access
|
The method, time, circuit, or facility used
to enter the network.
|
|
Access Coordination
|
The design, ordering, installation,
preservice testing, turn-up and maintenance on local access services.
|
|
Access Line
|
The circuit used to enter the communications
network.
|
|
ACCOLC
|
Access Overload Class
|
|
Account Codes
|
Also known as Project Codes or Bill-Back
Codes. Account Codes are additional digits dialed by the calling party that
provides information about the call. Typically used by hourly professionals
(accountants, lawyers, etc.) to track and bill clients, projects, etc.
|
|
ACD
|
Automatic Call Distributor. Distributes
incoming calls to one of a number of people equally able to handle them (e.g.
for customer service)
|
|
ACELP
|
1)Adaptive CELP. 2)Algebraic CELP
|
|
ACF
|
Authentication Control Function
|
|
ACG
|
Automatic Code Gapping. A method of shedding
load in telecommunications systems
|
|
ACH
|
Access Channel
|
|
ACK
|
Acknowledgement signal
|
|
ACMSS7
|
ISUP Address Complete message. Response to
IAM
|
|
ACP
|
Adjacent Channel Power
|
|
ACRE
|
Authorization & Call Routing Equipment.
Used for routing calls to cellular phones with a 'cordless' mode
|
|
AD
|
Abbreviated Dialing
|
|
ADA
|
Advertising Agent. Provides information to a
MS on the services provided by a 3G network
|
|
Address Mask
|
A 32-bit long mask used to select an IP
address for subnet addressing. The mask selects the network portion of the IP
address and one or more bits of the local LAN address.
|
|
Address Translation
|
The process of converting external addresses
into standardized network addresses and vice versa. Facilities
interconnection of multiple networks which each have their own address
plan.
|
|
ADDS
|
Application Data Delivery Service. See SMS
|
|
ADPCM
|
Adaptive Differential PCM
|
|
ADS
|
Asynchronous Data Service
|
|
ADSL
|
(Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Loop) ADSL is
a technology that allows data to be sent at rates as high as 6 Mbps through
the conventional (analog, copper) telephone line, and is considered one of
the most promising ways of connecting the "Information
Superhighway" to the home. In collaboration with Aware, Inc. of
Cambridge, Analog Devices has developed systems that support this
standard.
|
|
AEG
|
Asian Expert Group. A WAP Working Group
|
|
AES
|
(1)Advanced Encryption Standard. 2)Audio
Engineering Society
|
|
AFLT
|
Advanced Forward Link Trilateration. A
geolocation technique that utilizes the mobile station¹s measured
time of arrival of radio signals from the base stations (and, possibly, other
terrestrial measurements)
|
|
AFSK
|
Audio FSK. Communication by changing
frequencies in the audio band rather than RF. Used by MF, DTMF
|
|
AGPS
|
Network Assisted GPS. Land station assists
mobile in acquiring its position
|
|
AH
|
(1)Authentication Header. 2)Answer Hold.
Service that allows an incoming call to be placed on hold without answering
it first. Closely related to USCF
|
|
AHAG
|
TIA TR-45 ad hoc Authentication Group
|
|
AIN
|
Advanced Intelligent Network. Telcordia
version of IN
|
|
A-interface
|
Interface between the MSC and BS
|
|
Air interface
|
The radio communications between a mobile
handset and the base station. AIS Stands for Alarm Indication Signal, usually
all ones--F11111111. Also known as a Blue Alarm which signals that an
upstream failure has occurred.
|
|
AJ
|
Anti-Jam; a communication signal that is
designed to resist interference or jamming.
|
|
AK
|
Anonymity Key
|
|
AKA
|
Authentication and Key Agreement. GSM term
|
|
A-Key
|
The primary CAVE authentication key, used to
generate SSD
|
|
Alarm
|
A real-time indication or a signal of an
abnormal situation or event. Usually includes a Priority or Severity
Code.
|
|
Alert
|
A command to a mobile to notify the user of
an incoming call or message
|
|
ALI
|
Automatic Location Information. A database
that contains information about the location of emergency callers
|
|
Alternate Access
|
A form of local access where the provider is
not the LEC, but is authorized or permitted to provide such service.
|
|
Alternate Access Carriers
|
Local exchange carriers in direct
competition with the RBOCs. Normally found only in the larger metropolitan
areas. Examples are Teleport and Metropolitan Fiber Systems.
|
|
Alternate Mark Inversion (AMI)
|
A line code used for T-1 and E-1 lines that
has a 12.5% ones density minimum, and the one conditions of the signal alternate
between positive and negative polarity.
|
|
AM
|
Amplitude Modulation. The simplest carrier
modulation technique where the RF carrier's envelope is modulated -- used
today by broadcast band (BC) stations.
|
|
AMA
|
Automatic Message Accounting. See CDR
|
|
Amateur Service
|
A radio communications service that licensed
operators with no pecuniary interest use for self-training, communications,
and technical investigations.
|
|
AMI
|
Alternate Mark Inversion. A line code used
for T-1 and E-1 lines that has a 12.5% ones density minimum, and the one
conditions of the signal alternate between positive and negative
polarity.
|
|
AMPS
|
Stands for Advanced Mobile Phone System,
which is the most common type of First Generation analog cell phone network.
Because analog phones are suited for voice rather than data communications,
AMPS networks are rapidly being supplanted by digital wireless networks.
Operates in the 800 MHz frequency band and uses FDMA technology.
|
|
AMR
|
Adaptive MultiRate voice coder. Used in GSM
and UMTS
|
|
AN
|
Access Network
|
|
Analog
|
Transmission of information through a
continuously variable signal. Compare with digital
|
|
Analogue
|
Alternate (British) spelling of analog
|
|
Anchor MSC
|
The first MSC involved in a wireless call
|
|
AND
|
Abbreviated Dialing Numbers
|
|
ANI
|
(1)Automatic Number Identification.
Provision of charge number during a call to allow toll calls without operator
intervention. (2)Access Network Identifier
|
|
ANI II
|
ANI Information Digits. Describes the type
of phone being used to call (e.g. residential line or payphone)
|
|
ANMSS7
|
ISUP Answer Message
|
|
ANSI
|
American National Standards Institute. A
United States-based organization which develops standards and defines
interfaces for telecommunications.
|
|
ANSI-136
|
The North American digital mobile standard
previously known as Interim Standard IS-136 and used in TDMA (previously
called D-AMPS) systems.
|
|
ANSI-41
|
See TIA/EIA-41
|
|
Answer Supervision
|
The off-hook indication sent back to the
originating end when the called station answers.
|
|
ANT
|
ADSL Network Termination
|
|
Antenna
|
Passive device required to transmit and
receive electromagnetic radiation and convert it into electrical
signals.
|
|
AOA
|
Angle of Arrival. A position identification
technology that detects the direction of a signal received from a transmitter
at only one point. In this system, the transmitter's location is determined
from the receivers' antenna position and the AOA of the signals that are from
the antennas.
|
|
AoC
|
Advice of Charge
|
|
AP
|
Application Part (of a protocol)
|
|
APCO
|
Association of Public Safety Communications
Officials
|
|
APDU
|
Application PDU
|
|
API
|
Application Programming Interface
|
|
APLMN
|
Associated PLMN
|
|
APM
|
Application Transport
|
|
APMN
|
Associated PMN
|
|
ARCH
|
(1) Access Response Channel. WAP
Architecture Committee. A WAP Working Group
|
|
Architecture
|
The specifications of a system and how its
subcomponents interconnect, interact and cooperate. Architectures are often
described in multiple levels of abstraction from low-level physical to
higher-level logical application and end-user views.
|
|
Area of Service (AOS)
|
The geographical area supported by a
communication service. For 800 numbers, if AOS is "CC", it is using
Complex Call routing.
|
|
ARI
|
Automatic Room Identification (Hotel/Motel
room number)
|
|
ARIB
|
Association of Radio Industries and Businesses.
Responsible for standardization of telecommunications protocols in Japan
|
|
ARM
|
ARQ Response Mode
|
|
ARP
|
Authorized Receipt Point. The sole entity
authorized to settle and exchange roamer charges and revenue for a carrier
|
|
ARP
|
Address Resolution Protocol under TCP/IP.
Used to dynamically bind a high level IP address to a low-level physical
hardware address. ARP is limited to a single physical network that supports
hardware broadcasting.
|
|
ARPU
|
Average Revenue Per User
|
|
ARQ
|
Automatic Repeat Request
|
|
AS
|
Internet Application Server. Handles
applications for a range of addresses (e.g. a telephone switch)
|
|
ASE
|
Application Service Element
|
|
ASIC
|
Application Specific Integrated Circuit. A
computer chip that is customized for a special purpose application
|
|
ASK
|
Amplitude Shift Keying; a digital modulation
of the RF carrier's envelope.
|
|
ASN.1
|
Abstract Syntax Notation 1. A formal,
textual, representation of a protocol message set
|
|
ASP
|
AS Process
|
|
ASR
|
Automatic Speech Recognition
|
|
ASR
|
Access Service Request. A document (or data
transaction) sent to the LEC to order the local access portion of a circuit.
|
|
ASTA
|
Areas of Service State (list)
|
|
Asymmetric communications
|
Two-way communications in which the volumes
of traffic in each direction are significantly different. For example, TV on
demand.
|
|
Asynchronous
|
Not Synchronous. A form of concurrent input
and output communication transmission with no timing relationship between the
two signals. Slower-speed asynchronous transmission requires start and stop
bits to avoid a dependency on timing clocks (10 bits to send on 8-bit byte).
(Contrast with Synchronous).
|
|
Asynchronous Transfer Mode Adaptation Layer
(AAL )
|
A series of protocols enabling to be made
compatible with virtually all of the commonly used standards for voice, data,
image and video.
|
|
AT
|
(1)Access Tandem. A switch that can be used
to reach a variety of IXC's. (2)Access Terminal
|
|
ATIS
|
Alliance for Telecommunications Industry
Solutions. Parent organization for the T1 standards committees and many
telecom industry groups, such as OBF
|
|
ATM
|
An international ISDN high-speed,
high-volume, packet-switching transmission protocol standard. ATM uses short,
uniform, 53-byte cells to divide data into efficient, manageable packets for
ultrafast switching through a high-performance communications network. The
53-byte cells contain 5-byte destination address headers and 48 data bytes.
ATM is the first packet-switched technology designed from the ground up to
support integrated voice, video, and data communication applications. It is
well-suited to high-speed WAN transmission bursts. ATM currently accommodates
transmission speeds from 64 Kbps to 622 Mbps. ATM may support gigabit speeds
in the future.
|
|
ATM / SONET / SDH
|
These three types of high-speed fiber-optic
systems (ATM switch interface, SONET/SDH network) are being deployed now in
the LAN/WAN environment to connect workstations and to transport high
bit-rate services.
|
|
ATP
|
Access Transport Parameter (also Adenosine
Tri-Phosphate)
|
|
Attenuation
|
A loss of signal strength in a lightwave,
electrical or radio signal usually related to the distance the signal must
travel (e.g. fiber optic transmission must be regenerated approx. every 30
miles). Fiber optic attenuation is caused by transparency of the fiber,
bending the fiber at too small of a radius, nicks in the fiber, splices, poor
fiber terminals, FOTs, etc. Electrical attenuation is caused by the
resistance of the conductor, poor (corroded) connections, poor shielding,
induction, RFI, etc. Radio signal attenuation may be due to atmospheric
conditions, sun spots, antenna design / positioning, obstacles, etc.
|
|
AuC
|
GSM term for AC
|
|
AUTH
|
An OMT bit that turns mobile authentication
on or off for all mobiles within a cell
|
|
AUTHBS
|
Authentication Response from the BS
|
|
Authentication
|
The process of validating and identifying a
caller as being a legitimate system user.
|
|
Authentication Enhancements
|
Improvements to network based authentication
(TIA/EIA-41) defined in IS-778
|
|
Authentication Vector
|
See Quintet and Triplet
|
|
AUTHR
|
Authentication Response. The output of CAVE
when RAND is used as a global challenge
|
|
AUTHU
|
Authentication Response to Unique Challenge
|
|
AUTN3
|
GPP AKA Network Authentication Token
|
|
Auto-correlation
|
A measure of the similarity between a signal
and a time-shifted replica of itself; a special case of cross-correlation;
The auto-correlation function is the theoretical basis of direct sequence
spread spectrum.
|
|
Automatic Number Identification
|
Originating Number. (1) The number
associated with the telephone station(s) from which switched calls are
originated (or terminated).2) A software feature associated with Feature
Group D (and optional on Feature Group B) circuits. ANI provides the
originating local telephone number of the calling party. This information is
transmitted as part of the digit stream in the signaling protocol, and
included in the Call Detail Record for billing purposes. (3) ANI may also be
used to refer to any phone number.
|
|
Automatic Ring Down (ARD)
|
A private line connecting a station
instrument in one location to a station instrument in a distant location with
automatic two-way signaling. The automatic two-way signaling used on these
circuits causes the station instrument on one end of the circuit to ring when
the station instrument on the other end goes off-hook. This circuit is
sometimes called a "hot-line" because urgent communications are
typically associated with this service. ARD circuits are commonly used in the
financial industry. May also have one way signaling. Station "A"
rings Station "B" when Station "A" goes off hook, but
Station "B" cannot ring Station "A".
|
|
AV
|
Authentication Vector
|
|
Availability
|
The probability of attaining a specified
level of performance and maintaining that level for a scheduled period of
time.
|
|
AVC
|
Analog Voice Channel
|
|
AWGN
|
Additive White Gaussian Noise
|
|
AWI
|
Alert with Information; used to transmit
data while alerting an MS
|
|
|
|
|
B
|
Top
|
|
|
|
|
B/I
|
Busy/Idle bit
|
|
Baby Bell
|
see RBOC
|
|
Back Lobe
|
In an antenna, a radiation lobe whose axis
makes an angle of about 180 degrees with respect to the beam axis of the
antenna.
|
|
Backbone
|
The part of the network used as the primary
path for transporting traffic between network segments; usually, the
high-speed transmission facilities.
|
|
Backhaul
|
In a WAN network, communications between a
WAN port on a LAN and either a subscriber port on a service provider's
network or another WAN port on a second LAN. Often, the backhaul links the
user's facilities to the backbone.
|
|
BAF
|
Billing Automatic Message Accounting Format.
The CDR/AMA format used by most US wireline telecom carriers
|
|
BAIC
|
Barring of All Incoming Calls
|
|
Bandwidth
|
The range of frequencies, expressed in hertz
(Hz), that can pass over a given transmission channel. The bandwidth
determines the rate at which information can be transmitted through the
circuit. ALSO: The information capacity of a communications resource, usually
measured in bits per second. Also see Narrowband, Wideband and
Broadband.
|
|
BAOC
|
Barring of All Outgoing Calls
|
|
Barring
|
Refusal to allow certain types of calls
|
|
BATS
|
Broadcast Air-interface Transport Service
used by TIA/EIA-136
|
|
BCCH
|
Broadcast Control Channel
|
|
BCD
|
Binary Coded Decimal. Digits 0-9 are encoded
as 4 bit numbers (nibbles). See TBCD
|
|
BCE
|
Base Station Central Equipment. See BSC
|
|
BCH
|
Bose, Chaudhuri, and Hocquengham error
detection and correction methodology
|
|
BCM
|
Basic Call Manager. See WIN
|
|
BCSM
|
Basic Call State Model. An IN concept
|
|
BDN
|
Barred Dialing Number
|
|
Beam
|
A portion of a satellite antenna's footprint
on earth. A typical satellite footprint is divided into a large number of
beams.
|
|
Beamwidth
|
In an antenna, the angular sector in degrees
of the radiated power pattern at the half-power (3dB) point.
|
|
Bearer capability
|
A capability of a transport protocol (e.g. a
maximum bit rate or message latency). A Teleservice may be able to use any
facility that can provide a specified bearer capability.
|
|
BEG
|
Billing Expert Group. A WAP Working Group
|
|
Bent-pipe
|
A signal relay scheme in which a
terrestrial-based signal is sent to a satellite, which then relays the signal
back to Earth with minimal processing by the satellite.
|
|
BER
|
(1)Bit Error Rate. (2)Basic Encoding Rules.
See ASN.1
|
|
BICC
|
Bearer Independent Call Control
|
|
BIC-Roam
|
Barring of Incoming Calls while Roaming
|
|
BID
|
A SID allocated for accounting purposes.
BID's are allocated by Cibernet
|
|
BISDN
|
Broadband ISDN
|
|
Bit
|
A contraction of binary digit, it is the
smallest unit of information in a binary (ones or zeroes) system.
|
|
Bit errors
|
Ideally no errors will be received over a
connection; in practice, due to noise, other signals, etc. errors will
occasionally occur, even on a fiber link. A bit error test checks the
physical link to verify that the number of errors received over a test period
is within design limits.
|
|
Bits per second (bps)
|
Rate at which bits are transmitted.
|
|
BLASS7
|
ISUP Blocking acknowledgement. See BLO
|
|
BLOB
|
Block of Bits
|
|
Bluetooth
|
A cable-replacement radio protocol for short
distance (5-100 meter) networking at moderate speeds (1 Mbps raw bandwidth).
Developed by the Bluetooth Consortium and IEEE 802.15
|
|
BLV
|
Busy Line Verification
|
|
BMIBS
|
MSC and Interworking function
|
|
BNF
|
Backus-Naur Form. A precursor to ASN.1 and
other meta-languages
|
|
BNS
|
Billed Number Screening
|
|
BOC
|
Bell Operating Company
|
|
BOIC
|
Barring of Outgoing International Calls
|
|
BOIC-exHC
|
BOIC except to HC
|
|
BP
|
Bit Position
|
|
Bps
|
Bits per second. A measure of the speed of a
transmission link
|
|
BPSK
|
Binary Phase Shift Keying -- Digital DSB
suppressed carrier modulation.
|
|
BR
|
Border Router. Connects a CN with peer
networks
|
|
BRI
|
Basic Rate Interface (64 kbps)
|
|
Bridge
|
A Layer 2 (data link) device that passes
data traffic between networks.
|
|
Broadband
|
A classification of the information capacity
or bandwidth of a communication channel. Broadband is generally taken to mean
bandwidth higher than 2 Mbps.
|
|
Broadcast
|
A signal transmitted to all user terminals
in a service area, or the process.
|
|
Broadcast SMS
|
Short messages sent to multiple mobiles in
multiple cells, requiring only one message per cell
|
|
Broadcasting satellite service (BSS)
|
A radio communications service in which
signals transmitted or retransmitted by satellites are used for direct
reception by the general public.
|
|
BS
|
Base Station (includes BTS and BSC
|
|
BSC
|
Base Station Controller. The 'brains' of a
base station, controlling the radio equipment in the BTS
|
|
BSMC
|
Base Station Manufacturer Code
|
|
B-SMS
|
See Broadcast SMS
|
|
BSS
|
BS Subsystem
|
|
BSSMAP
|
GSM BSS MAP
|
|
BT
|
Burst Type
|
|
BTA
|
Basic Trading Area
|
|
BTS
|
Base Transceiver System (radio portion of BS
|
|
BTTC
|
Broadcast SMS
|
|
Bypass
|
A circuit that carries telephone signals
from a subscriber to another point without the use of local telephone company
circuits, by a CAP or CLEC.
|
|
byte
|
An 8 bit unit of data storage. See octet
|
|
|
|
|
C
|
Top
|
|
|
|
|
C/I
|
Carrier to Interference Ratio
|
|
C7
|
See CCS7
|
|
CA
|
Certificate Authority
|
|
CAC
|
Carrier Access Code. Identifies a long
distance carrier. 101+CIC
|
|
CALEAUS
|
Communications Assistance for Law
Enforcement law. Requires that telecommunications carriers provide for
surveillance (aka wiretaps) at the switch site
|
|
CAMA
|
Centralized Automatic Message Accounting
|
|
CAMEL
|
Customized Applications for Mobile Networks
Enhanced Logic based on CAP. IN capabilities for GSM. Compare with WIN
|
|
Candidate MSC
|
An MSC being considered as the Target MSC of
a handoff
|
|
CANID
|
Current ANI
|
|
CAP
|
Competitive Access Provider, a service
operator who provides alternate access to the user in place of the
traditional local telephone company, often using wireless services.
|
|
Capacity
|
The average amount of traffic a circuit or
port can handle. Capacity may be measured in terms of the number of VF
channels or the aggregate data rate of the main signal.
|
|
CAPCS
|
Cellular Auxiliary Personal Communications
Service
|
|
CAR
|
Committed Access Rate. An IP method to
achieve higher QoS
|
|
CARE
|
Customer Account Record Exchange. Sent from
a LEC to an IXC to establish a long distance account for a customer
|
|
CAS
|
Call Associated Signaling. See ISUP.
Contrast with NCAS
|
|
CAT
|
Smart Card Application Toolkit
|
|
CAVETIA
|
Cellular Authentication and Voice Encryption
Algorithm
|
|
CB
|
Cell Broadcast
|
|
CBC
|
CB Center
|
|
CBMI
|
CB Message Identifier
|
|
CBR
|
Constant Bit Rate
|
|
CBS
|
Cell Broadcast SMS
|
|
CC
|
(1)E.164 Country Code. (2)Call Control
|
|
CCA
|
Common Cryptographic Algorithm
|
|
CCF
|
Call Control Function (IN term)
|
|
CCITT
|
Precursor to ITU. See ITU-T and ITU-R
|
|
CCNR
|
Call Completion on No Reply. See CFNA
|
|
CCPN
|
Call Completion to a Ported Number. See LNP
|
|
CCR
|
(1)SS7 ISUP Continuity check request.
(2)Class Conformance Requirement
|
|
CCS
|
Common Channel Signaling
|
|
CCS7
|
ITU-T version of SS7
|
|
CCSC
|
Cellular Carrier Specific Code (e.g. #123)
|
|
CCSS
|
Call Completion Service Setup
|
|
CCT
|
Circuit
|
|
CCV
|
Credit Card Validation
|
|
CCW
|
Cancel Call Waiting
|
|
CD
|
Collision Detection
|
|
CDATA
|
Character Data, such as a quoted text string.
Used in XML and derivative protocols such as WML
|
|
CDCP
|
Call Detail Collection Point. See
TIA/EIA-124
|
|
CDG
|
CDMA Development Group
|
|
CDGP
|
Call Detail Generation Point
|
|
CDIS
|
Call Detail Information Source. An MSC or
other entity that produces proprietary CDR's
|
|
CDMA
|
Code Division Multiple Access. A way to
increase channel capacity by using code sequences as traffic channels in a
common radio channel. This technology was originally developed for military
use over 30 years ago. Also -- A digital signal multiplexing technique where
each signal is split into many chips of data, each of which is tagged with a
particular code. During transmission, the chips are spread over a band of
frequencies, then reassembled at the receiving end. This technique permits
many different signals to be co-located in the same frequency band.
|
|
CDMA One (IS-95)
|
A narrowband, second generation digital air
interface technology developed by the US firm Qualcomm.
|
|
CDMA2000
|
3G evolved from CDMA One. The CDMA
community's proposal for a system standard for 3G services.
|
|
CdPA
|
Called Party Address
|
|
CDPD
|
Cellular Digital Packet Data. A protocol
that uses 30 khz AMPS channels to transmit packets of data. Standardized in
TIA/EIA/IS-732
|
|
CdPN
|
Called Party Number. The DN of the party
receiving a call
|
|
CDR
|
Call Detail Record
|
|
CDRP
|
Call Detail Rating Point
|
|
CDVCC
|
Coded Digital Verification Color Code
|
|
CEG
|
Carrier Expert Group. A WAP Working Group
|
|
Cell
|
The basic geographical unit of a cellular
communications system. Service coverage of a given area is based on an
interlocking network of cells, each with a radio base station
(transmitter/receiver) at its center. The size of each cell is determined by
the terrain and forecasted number of users.
|
|
Cell Splitting
|
A method of increasing capacity of a wireless
system by reducing the size of the cell (local area near a transmitter).
|
|
Cellular
|
A radio concept that allows the
multiplication of capacity by using many low-power cells to cover an area,
reusing frequencies as much as possible
|
|
CELP
|
Code Excited Linear Prediction
|
|
CEP
|
Cell Equipment Processor
|
|
CEPT
|
Conference des administrations Europeannes
des Postes et Telecommunications
|
|
CEWS
|
Cell Work Station. Software running here
supports termination of the LAPD links to the BTS. A minimal OA&M
application is included to support maintenance of the A-bis interface
processes and to route OA&M messages to/from the BTS. Call Handling
software derives directly from the CEP and PPP of the BCE.
|
|
CF
|
Collection function. LEA that collects
J-STD-025 data
|
|
CFB
|
Call Forwarding when subscribing telephone
is busy
|
|
CFNA
|
Call forward on no-answer (and, usually,
also on no page response). See CFNRc and CFNRy
|
|
CFNRc
|
Call forward when mobile not reachable. See
CFNA
|
|
CFNRy
|
Call forward when mobile is not answered.
See CFNA
|
|
CFU
|
Call Forwarding Unconditional (i.e. every
incoming call will be forwarded)
|
|
CGB
|
SS7 ISUP Circuit group blocking
|
|
CGBA
|
SS7 ISUP CGB acknowledgement
|
|
CGI
|
Common Gateway Interface
|
|
CGL
|
Calling Geodetic Location. The position of a
mobile phone, as transmitted through various signaling protocols
|
|
CGLP
|
SS7 ISUP Calling Geodetic Location Parameter
(i.e. Latitude and Longitude)
|
|
CgPN
|
Calling Party Number. The DN of the party
initiating a call
|
|
CGSA
|
Cellular Geographic Serving Area. MSA or RSA
|
|
CGU
|
SS7 ISUP Circuit group unblocking
|
|
CGUA
|
SS7 ISUP CGU acknowledgement
|
|
CH or channel
|
Channel, usually referring to one 300 Hz
­ 3,300 kHz (VF) bandwidth voice circuit.
|
|
CHAP
|
Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol
|
|
Chip
|
The time it takes to transmit a bit or single
symbol of a PN code.
|
|
CHTML
|
Compact HTML. Use by iMode. See also WML and
xHTML
|
|
Churn
|
The rate at which subscribers leave one
wireless carrier to go to another. A major expense for carriers
|
|
CIBER
|
Cellular Intercarrier Billing Exchange
Record. Format used for exchange of wireless billing records. Maintained by
Cibernet Corp
|
|
Cibernet
|
A subsidiary of the CTIA responsible for
facilitating billing aspects of roaming
|
|
CIC
|
Carrier Identification Code. See CAC
|
|
Ciphertext
|
Encrypted data. Compare with Plaintext
|
|
CIR
|
(1)Synonym for C/I. (2)Committed Information
Rate. Bandwidth associated with a frame relay PVC
|
|
Circuit
|
Physical connection of channels, conductors,
and equipment required to provide a complete communications pathway.
|
|
Circuit switching
|
The basis of telephone call handling, with a
circuit connection being set up between caller and called party. This
connection is held open for the duration of the call, even when no
information (voice, data, images or video) is being transmitted. The
alternative is packet switching.
|
|
Circuit-switched data
|
Data transmitted over a dedicated (although
usually virtual) channel. The destination address is implicitly defined by
the (virtual) circuit that is selected
|
|
Circular Polarization
|
In an antenna, where the tip of the field
vector, as viewed in the direction of propagation, rotates either clockwise
(right hand) or counterclockwise (left hand).
|
|
CITEL
|
Commission InterAmericanna de
Telecommunications Association. A Latin American telecommunications
association
|
|
CK
|
Cipher Key
|
|
CKSN
|
CK Sequence Number
|
|
CLASS
|
Custom Local Area Signaling Services. A
package of features offered by wireline carriers
|
|
Clearinghouse
|
A central point for the gathering and
redistribution of records, such as billing records
|
|
CLEC
|
Competitive Local Exchange Carrier. A
service operator who provides alternate telephone and/or data services to the
user in place of the traditional local telephone company, often using
wireless services.
|
|
CLI
|
Calling Line Identity. See CgPN
|
|
CLIP
|
Calling Line Identification Presentation.
See CNIP
|
|
CLIR
|
Calling Line Identification Restriction. See
CNIR
|
|
CLLI
|
Common Language Location Identifier. An
ASCII identifier of a telephone switch or calling area.
|
|
CLNP
|
Connectionless Network Protocol
|
|
CLNS
|
Connectionless Network Service
|
|
CM
|
Connection Management
|
|
CMAC
|
Control Mobile Attenuation Code
|
|
CMEA
|
Cellular MEA. Based on CAVE
|
|
CMIP
|
Common Management Information Protocol
|
|
CMOS
|
Complementary Metallic Oxide Semiconductor.
|
|
CMRS
|
Commercial Mobile Radio Service
|
|
CMT
|
Cellular messaging teleservice. A service
based on SMS that is similar to that provided by alphanumeric pagers
|
|
CMWN
|
Cancel Message Waiting Notification
|
|
CN
|
Core Network
|
|
CNAP
|
Calling Name Presentation. A terminating
party feature. Overridden by CNAR
|
|
CNAR
|
Calling Name Restriction. An originating
party feature
|
|
CNDB
|
Calling Name Database
|
|
CNIP
|
Calling Number Identification Presentation.
A terminating party feature. Overridden by CNIR
|
|
CNIR
|
Calling Number Identification Restriction.
An originating party feature
|
|
CO
|
Central Office
|
|
Co-Channel Interference Reduction Factor
(CIRF)
|
A key factor used to design a cellular
system to avoid co-channel interference.
|
|
Code
|
A digital bit stream with noise-like
characteristics.
|
|
Codec
|
Abbreviation of encoder/decoder; refers to a
device that digitizes analog signals, for example a video IP Codec takes an
analog video signal and outputs digital IP packets.
|
|
COFDM
|
Code OFDMA
|
|
COFETEL
|
Comision Federal de Telecomunicaciones de
Mexico
|
|
Co-linear Array
|
In an antenna, a linear array of dipoles
with their axes lying in a straight line.
|
|
Common Carrier
|
A government-regulated company responsible
for the provision of telecommunications services in a given territory,
providing users (at a tariffed cost) with access to communications. Common
carriers have a requirement to provide this service to users on demand in
their territory.
|
|
CONS
|
Connection-Oriented Network Service
|
|
Continuous Time Oversampling
|
A technique Developed by Analog Devices that
simplifies the job of synchronizing data generated from disparate sampling
rates. The technique resamples and synchronizes modem, audio, and video data
as needed, and it eliminates the substrate noise and feedthrough
problems.
|
|
Control Channel
|
A cellular or PCS channel that broadcasts
information about a cell to mobiles that are not currently in a call
|
|
Convergence
|
In the context of mobile communications,
convergence means many things. There is convergence of industry sectors,
including telecommunications, information, media and entertainment; convergence
of technologies, for example, of fixed and mobile communications and of
telecommunications and computing; and there is convergence between mobile
communications standard themselves.
|
|
CORBA
|
Common Object Request Broker Architecture
|
|
CORD
|
Cellular Operations Record Distribution
|
|
Core network
|
The physical network infrastructure to which
the radio access network is connected in a mobile network.
|
|
Correlator
|
The SS receiver component that demodulates a
Spread Spectrum signal; a device that measures the similarity of an incoming
signal and a stored reference code.
|
|
CoS
|
Class of Service. Method of managing traffic
by grouping similar types (e.g. voice, video, email)
|
|
COUNT
|
Call History Count. An internal mobile
counter that can be used to detect the presence of clones
|
|
COWS
|
Common Work Station. Software running in the
Common Work Station element supports termination of the SS7 links to the MSC
as well as the X.25 links to the OMC (including the OSI stack) and any PSDN
services. The majority of the OA&M software is found here.
|
|
CPDE
|
Centralized PDE
|
|
CPE
|
Customer Premises Equipment
|
|
CPG
|
SS7 ISUP Call ProGress Message
|
|
CPN
|
See CgPN
|
|
CPP
|
Calling Party Pays. The calling party pays
for calls to mobile, not the mobile receiving the call. cf TPP
|
|
CQM
|
(1)Channel Quality Measurement. (2)Core
Quality of Service Manager
|
|
CR
|
Change Request
|
|
CRC
|
Cyclic Redundancy Code (or check). Included
in many digital protocols to check for errors in transmitted messages
|
|
CRDB
|
Coordinate Routing DataBase. Proposed for
E911 systems to convert a location into routing information
|
|
CRL
|
Certificate Revocation List
|
|
CRM
|
Customer Resource Management
|
|
Cross Polarization
|
In an antenna, polarization orthogonal to a
specified reference.
|
|
Cross-correlation
|
A measure of the similarity of two different
signals.
|
|
Cryptosync
|
Externally-provided synchronizing
information for cryptoalgorithms (ciphers) that allows an encryptor at one
end to uniquely encrypt each block of content into ciphertext, and yet allows
a decryptor at the other end to properly decrypt the ciphertext to yield the
original plaintext. Cryptosync often takes the form of the output of a binary
counter
|
|
CS-1IN
|
CS (Capability Set) 1
|
|
CS-2IN
|
Capability Set 2
|
|
CSA
|
Canadian Standards Association
|
|
CS-ACELP
|
Conjugate Structure ACELP
|
|
CSC
|
Customer Service Center
|
|
CSD
|
Circuit switched data. Compare with Packet
data
|
|
CSFP
|
Coded Superframe Phase
|
|
CSI
|
CAMEL Subscription Information
|
|
CSIN
|
Capability Set
|
|
CSMA
|
Carrier Sense Multiple Access
|
|
CSMA/CD
|
CSMA with CD. Ethernet devices use this to
minimize collisions by checking the line before sending
|
|
CSS
|
Cascading Style Sheets. See HTML
|
|
CSU
|
Channel Service Unit. Unit that interfaces
between the telephone company and a private network
|
|
CSU
|
Channel service unit, a terminating device
normally required at the customer premises for a T1 leased line
connection.
|
|
CTIA
|
Cellular Telecommunications Industry
Association
|
|
CUG
|
Closed User Group. Calls are restricted to
within the group
|
|
CW
|
Calling Waiting
|
|
CWTA
|
Canadian Wireless Telecommunications
Association
|
|
CWTS
|
Chinese Wireless Telecommunications
Standards
|
|
|
|
|
D
|
Top
|
|
|
|
|
D Digit
|
The fourth digit of an NANP phone number.
Currently restricted to the values 2-9 to allow 7 digit dialing
|
|
DACS
|
See DCS
|
|
D-AMPS
|
Digital AMPS (IS-54 and IS-136 TDMA
|
|
D-AMPS (IS-136)
|
Digital AMPS, the digital wireless standard
widely used throughout the Americas, Asia Pacific and other areas. D-AMPS
services can be introduced in the 800 MHz and 1900 MHz frequency bands. Uses
a TDMA-based air interface.
|
|
Data Link Layer
|
Layer 2 of the OSI model; this layer takes
the physical (Layer 1) transmission facility and transforms it into a channel
that satisfies the addressing, error detection and flow requirements.
|
|
DataTAC
|
Data TAC. A Motorola wireless data system.
Formerly known as Ardis.
|
|
dB
|
Decibel. 10 times the logarithm of the value
in base 10
|
|
dBi
|
Decibel, Isotropic; decibel referenced to
the gain of a theoretical isotropic radiator.
|
|
dBm
|
Decibel, Milliwatt; decibel referenced to
one milliwatt into 50 ohms (typical for RF systems).
|
|
DBS
|
Direct (to home) Broadcast (Satellite)
System.
|
|
DCC
|
Digital Color Code. A number assigned to a
control channel used to limit erroneous accesses
|
|
DCCH
|
Digital Control Channel. The control channel
used by IS-136 and TIA/EIA-136 D-AMPS systems
|
|
DCE
|
Data Communications Equipment (i.e. a
computer)
|
|
DCN
|
Data Communications Network.
|
|
DCS
|
(1)Data Coding Scheme. (2)Digital
Cross-Connect System
|
|
DECT
|
Digital European Cordless Telecommunications
- a standard issued by ETSI for local area digital cordless communications.
|
|
DES
|
Data Encryption Standard. A commonly used
encryption method, usually used with 56 bit keys
|
|
De-spreading
|
The process used by a correlator to recover
narrowband information from a spread spectrum signal.
|
|
DF
|
(1)UIM Dedicated File. Compare with EF and
MF
|
|
DFP
|
Distributed Functional Plane NRM
|
|
DHCP
|
Dynamic Host Control Protocol. Allows
automatic assignment of IP addresses on a network
|
|
DHKE
|
Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange. A method of
securely exchange encryption keys over an insecure interface
|
|
Diffie-Hellman
|
A secure key exchange mechanism
|
|
Diffraction Loss
|
The loss between two antennas caused by the
scattering of energy from a knife-edged or rounded obstruction in the path
between them.
|
|
Diffserv
|
Differentiated Services. Different QoS for
different types of traffic (e.g. voice, video, email)
|
|
Digital
|
Transmission of information through a signal
that can take on only certain discrete values (e.g. bits with values 0 or 1).
Compare with analog
|
|
Digital Cellular Telephone
|
A generation of car telephones served by a
cluster of receiver-transmitter cell site receiver/transmitters; as the car
travels, a telephone call is activated by transferring it from cell site to
cell site.
|
|
Digital Network
|
A second generation cell phone network employing
digital technology to convert the sounds of users' voices into streams of
bits that are then used to modulate the wireless signals. Digital networks
can also be used for data communications. These networks came into use in the
1990s.
|
|
Dipole Antenna
|
Any one of a class of antennas producing a
pattern with a node or zero level at each end.
|
|
Directive Gain
|
In a given direction, 4pi times ratio of the
radiation intensity in that direction to the total power radiated by the
antenna.
|
|
Director Element
|
In an antenna, a parasitic element forward
of the driven element intended to increase the directivity of the antenna in
the forward direction.
|
|
Disconnection
|
The end of a call. Not to be confused with
termination of a call or the release of a trunk
|
|
Distributed Control Systems, or DCS
|
An industrial measurement and control system
routinely seen in factories and treatment plants consisting of a central host
or master (usually called a master station, master terminal unit or MTU); one
or more field data gathering and control units; and a collection of standard
and/or custom software used to monitor and control field data elements.
Unlike similar SCADA systems, the field data gathering or control units are
usually located within a more confined area. Communications may be via a
local area network (LAN), and will normally be reliable and high speed. A DCS
system usually employs significant amounts of closed loop control.
|
|
Diversity
|
Sharing a signal characteristic to allow
more users in the same frequency band.
|
|
DLCI
|
Data Link Connection Identifier
|
|
DLP
|
Discrete Logarithm Problem. Used in some
cryptography systems
|
|
DMAC
|
Digital Mobile Attenuation Code
|
|
DMH
|
Data Message Handler. An informal name for
the TIA IS-124 standard
|
|
DMT
|
Discrete Multi-Tone line code being proposed
for VDSL. Compare with QAM/CAP
|
|
DN
|
Directory Number. The number dialed to
terminate a call to a phone
|
|
DNIC
|
Data network identification code
|
|
DNS
|
Internet Domain Name System. See RFC 1035
|
|
DOC
|
US Department of Commerce
|
|
DOI
|
Domain of Interpretation
|
|
Donor Switch
|
The switch from which a number has been
ported. See LNP
|
|
Downlink
|
A radio link from a satellite to a receiving
site on earth or in an aircraft.
|
|
DP
|
WIN/CAMEL Detection Point
|
|
DPC
|
(1)Destination Point Code for an SS7
message. (2)Downlink Power Control
|
|
DPCCH
|
Dedicated Physical Control Channel
|
|
DPCH
|
Dedicated Physical Channel
|
|
DPDCH
|
Dedicated Physical Data Channel
|
|
DPSK
|
Differential Phase Shift Keying -- a
simplified BPSK where only data transitions are transmitted.
|
|
DQPSK
|
Differential Quadrature PSK
|
|
DRAC
|
Dynamic Resource Allocation Control
|
|
DRNC
|
Drift Radio Network Controller
|
|
DRNS
|
Drift RNS
|
|
DS
|
Direct Spread. See CDMA
|
|
DS0
|
Digital Signal Level 0. A 64 kbps digital
link used to carry voice or signaling traffic. In ANSI networks, 8 kbps is usually
reserved for in-band signaling, reducing the bandwidth to 56 kbps
|
|
DS1
|
Digital Signal Level 1. A 1.5 Mbps signaling
link carrying 24 DS0 channels
|
|
DS-1
|
Digital Signal 1, a serial digital signal
transmission format in which 24 duplex voice circuits are time division
multiplexed into one 1.544 Mbps Tl digital circuit. May also be expressed as
T1.
|
|
DS-3
|
Digital Signal 3, 44.7 Mbps or equivalent to
672 duplex voice circuits or 28 DS-1 signals.
|
|
DS-CDMA
|
Direct Sequence CDMA
|
|
DSCH
|
Downlink Shared Channel
|
|
DSF
|
Dispersion Shifted Fiber
|
|
DSI
|
Digital Speech Interpolation
|
|
DSL
|
Digital subscriber line; a technology to
send high speed data over existing copper telephone lines.
|
|
DSLAM
|
DSL Access Multiplexer
|
|
DSMA
|
Digital Sense Multiple Access. Access to a
shared resource is controlled by sensing a digital signal before attempting
an access. Used by CDPD
|
|
DSS-1
|
Digital Subscriber Signaling System No. 1
|
|
DSU
|
Digital Service Unit
|
|
DSX-1
|
Digital Signal Interface 1, the standard
levels, mask, etc. that specify the format of the signal at an interface
point.
|
|
DTC
|
Digital Traffic Channel
|
|
DTCH
|
Dedicated Traffic Channel
|
|
DTD
|
Document Type Definition. An XML grammar
specification
|
|
DTE
|
Data Terminal Equipment
|
|
DTMF
|
Dual Tone Multifrequency. Tone signaling
used by phones
|
|
DTN
|
Deflected-To Number
|
|
DTX
|
Discontinuous Transmission. A mobile only
transmits when the user is talking
|
|
Dual-band
|
A mobile that can support two different
frequency ranges. Compare with Dual-mode
|
|
Dual-mode
|
A mobile that can support two different technologies.
Compare with Dual-band
|
|
Duplex
|
A circuit or device that permit s
transmission in two directions at once (receiving and transmitting).
|
|
Duplex Operation
|
Operating method in which transmission is
possible simultaneously in both directions of a telecommunications channel.
|
|
DVCC
|
Digital Verification Color Code
|
|
DWDM
|
Dense Wave Division Multiplexing
|
|
|
|
|
E
|
Top
|
|
|
|
|
E.164
|
ITU-T dialing plan standard. Numbers are
composed of CC+NSN (NDC + NDC)
|
|
E.212
|
ITU-T mobile identification number standard
|
|
E.214
|
ITU-T standard that allows an E.212 IMSI
number to be mapped onto an E1.64 number to allow routing through SS7
networks. Unfortunately, this mapping does not work in North America
|
|
E1
|
Specialized circuit developed in Europe for
transmission of digital signals over the telephone network at 2.048 Mbps or
equivalent to 30 duplex voice circuits plus two data channels. Also, E2 at 8
Mbps, E3 at 34 Mbps and E4 at140 Mbps.
|
|
E911
|
Enhanced 9-1-1 service. Provides the
identity and the approximate location of the calling phone
|
|
EACC
|
Emergency Area Congestion Control
|
|
EAS
|
Emergency Alert System. A US government
system that transmits audio or text information about emergencies (mostly
weather) to radio and TV stations. There has been some talk about extending
this to wireless phones via broadcast SMS
|
|
Eb
|
Energy of an information bit
|
|
EBNF
|
Extended BNF. Used to define XML, for
example.
|
|
EC
|
Exchange Carrier
|
|
ECC
|
Elliptic Curve Cryptography
|
|
ECDLP
|
Elliptic Curve Discrete Logarithm Problem.
See ECC
|
|
ECMA
|
European Computer Manufacturer's Association
|
|
ECSA
|
Exchange Carrier's Standards Association.
Renamed ATIS several years ago
|
|
ECT
|
Explicit Call Transfer
|
|
EDACC
|
DMA Error Detection and Correction coding.
See FEC
|
|
EDGE: Enhanced Data Rates for Global Evolution
|
an enhanced radio modulation technique for
GSM and TDMA (ANSI-136) networks that expands radio timeslots to 48 kbit/s.
When combined with GPRS, it gives a maximum bandwidth of 384 kbit/s per
subscriber in the U.S.
|
|
EDI
|
Electronic Data Interchange. Used to
transfer business-level data between companies (e.g. invoices, purchase
orders). Nowadays, more attention is on XML for this purpose
|
|
EDR
|
Efficient Data Representation. Assigns one
record to represent a block of 1,000 pooled numbers
|
|
EEPROM
|
Electronically Erasable Programmable Read
Only Memory.
|
|
EESN
|
Expanded ESN
|
|
EF
|
UIM Elementary File. Compare with DF and MF
|
|
EF&I
|
Engineer, Furnish and Install. Additional
services provided to customers, usually at an additional charge.
|
|
EFI
|
External Functionality Interface
|
|
EFR
|
Enhanced Full Rate. GSM voice coder
|
|
E-GGSN
|
Enhanced GGSN
|
|
E-GPRS
|
Enhanced GPRS, another term for EDGE.
|
|
EGPRS-136
|
GPRS adapted for use in TIA/EIA-136 networks
|
|
EHFC
|
Extended Hyperframe Counter
|
|
EIA
|
Electronics Industry Association
|
|
EIA/TIA-553
|
Analog cellular standard. Formerly IS-3
|
|
EIR
|
Equipment Identity Register. Stores
information about wireless terminals as opposed to subscriptions. Compare
with HLR
|
|
EIRP
|
Effective Isotropic Radiated Power
|
|
ELCA
|
Extended Local Calling Area. Allows toll-free
calls to numbers outside the normal toll-free zone, by arrangement with the
terminating (usually wireless) carrier
|
|
electric field
|
In an antenna, the force field associated
with the current distribution of an antenna element, tangential to the element
and expressed in volts per meter. It is mutually perpendicular to the
magnetic field.
|
|
EMI
|
Exchange Message Interface. A LEC billing
record format. Compare with
|
|
EMR
|
Exchange Message Record. A LEC billing
record format. Compare with EMI. Contrast with BAF and CIBER
|
|
EO
|
End Office
|
|
EOM
|
End Of Message
|
|
E-OTD
|
Enhanced Observed Time Difference. A
positioning technology for wireless phones. Compare with AOA, TOA, TDOA
|
|
EP SCP
|
ETSI Project Smart Card Platform
|
|
EPE
|
Enhanced Privacy and Encryption. A North American
TDMA architecture that secures voice, messages, and data through encryption
|
|
EPOC
|
The operating system for mobile multimedia
being developed by Symbian.
|
|
EPROM
|
Electronically Programmable Read Only
Memory.
|
|
Erlang
|
Measure of traffic load. Calculated as rate
at which calls arrive divided by the rate at which they are completed
|
|
Erlang BA
|
traffic model used to engineer resource
groups when blockage is low, and the average holding time is known
|
|
Erlang CA
|
traffic model commonly used for provisioning
data circuits
|
|
ERMES
|
European Radio Messaging System
|
|
ERP
|
Effective Radiated Power
|
|
ERROR RESULT
|
Message sent to unsuccessfully end TCAP
transaction
|
|
ESAE
|
Enhanced Subscriber Authentication. A long
term replacement to the TIA CAVE algorithm
|
|
ESC
|
Emergency Services Call
|
|
ESME
|
(1)Emergency Services Message Entity. Entity
that receives E911 messages from an MSC (e.g. ALI or S/R). (2)External SME
|
|
ESMR
|
Enhanced SMR. Allows 'cellular' service as
well as traditional SMR services
|
|
ESN
|
Electronic Serial Number. 32 bit identifier
of an AMPS mobile
|
|
ESNE
|
Emergency Services Network Entity. Entity
that is connected to an E911 trunk from an MSC (e.g. S/R or PSAP
|
|
ESNX
|
See EESN
|
|
ESP
|
(1)Emergency Service Provider. (2)Enhanced
Subscriber Privacy. New and stronger TIA voice encryption algorithms
|
|
ESRD
|
Emergency Service Routing Digits. An NANP
number that routes a call to a PSAP and identifies the cellsite or sector
that the call originated from
|
|
ESRK
|
Emergency Service Routing Key. A temporary
phone number that routes an emergency call to the correct PSAP and allows
access to information in the ALI
|
|
ESZ
|
Emergency Services Zone
|
|
ETACS
|
Extended TACS
|
|
Ethernet
|
A baseband LAN specification to network
computers at 10 Mbps using CSMA/CD to run over coaxial cable. Referenced by
IEEE standard 802.3.
|
|
ETR
|
ETSI Technical Report
|
|
ETS
|
European Telecommunication Standard
|
|
ETSI
|
European Telecommunications Standards
Institute. A body formed by the European Commission in 1998, which included
vendors and operators. ETSI's purpose is to define standards that will enable
the European market (particularly for its citizens) for telecommunications to
function as a single market.
|
|
EVRC
|
Enhanced Variable Rate Voice Coder. An IS-95
voice coder for use on CDMA systems
|
|
Extranet
|
A private network that uses Internet
software and standards with limited external access, typically for an
organization's suppliers and customers.
|
|
Extremely High Frequency (EHF)
|
A signal in the frequency range of from 30
to 300 GHz.
|
|
Extremely Low Frequency (ELF)
|
A signal in the frequency in the range from
30 to 300 kHz.
|
|
|
|
|
F
|
Top
|
|
|
|
|
FA
|
(1)Foreign Agent. (2)Flexible Alerting. A
badly named feature that is really an extension phone service for wireless
calls
|
|
FACCHFast
|
Associated Control Channel
|
|
Fading
|
An effect caused during the transmission of
radio signals due to the non-uniform nature of the atmosphere. Signals may
fade up or down occasionally over time and sufficient margin is required to
maintain a reliable connection.
|
|
FAQ
|
Frequently Asked Questions
|
|
F-BCCHFast
|
Broadcast Control Channel
|
|
FBIUS
|
Federal Bureau of Investigation
|
|
FC
|
Feature Code. An asterisk followed by digits
indicating the invocation of a feature (e.g. *73 may be used to disable call
forwarding). Feature codes should be sent to the HLR for interpretation.
There is no standardization of feature codes
|
|
FCC
|
Federal Communications Commission. The US
government agency regulating telecommunications; the FCC is also responsible
for establishing rules, licensing or authorizing all wireless
transmitters.
|
|
FCCUS
|
Federal Communications Commission
|
|
FCI
|
Forward Call Indicator. Used to indicate
whether a number portability query has occurred for this call (to prevent
looping)
|
|
FCS
|
Frame Check Sequence
|
|
FDCCH
|
Forward DCCH
|
|
FDD
|
Frequency Division Duplex
|
|
FDDI
|
Fiber Distributed Data Interface
|
|
FDM
|
Frequency Division Multiplex. See FDMA
|
|
FDMA
|
Stands for Frequency Division Multiple
Access. This multiple access technique allows many cell phone users to
communicate with one base station by assigning each user a different
frequency channel. An AMPS network, for example, has 832 channels spaced
about 30 Khz apart. In digital networks, FDMA is used in conjunction with
CDMA or TDMA.
|
|
FDN
|
Fixed Dialing Number
|
|
FDTC
|
Forward DTC
|
|
FE
|
Functional Entity. A logical element of a
network. Not necessarily realized as a physically distinct device
|
|
FEC
|
Forward Error Correction. A technique used
to improve the error performance of a digital radio by adding redundancy into
the transmitted digital signal.
|
|
FEC
|
Forward Error Correction (coding / decoding
technique).
|
|
Feeder Link
|
A radio link between an earth station and a
satellite, conveying information for a space radio communications service
other than fixed satellite service. In the broadcasting-satellite service,
all feeder links are uplinks (from the earth to the satellite), but in the
mobile-satellite service, feeder links can be both uplinks and downlinks.
|
|
FE-NTS
|
Feature Enhanced NTS
|
|
FER
|
Frame Error Rate
|
|
FEXT
|
Far End CrossTalk
|
|
FFT
|
Fast Fourier Transform
|
|
FHMA
|
Frequency Hopping Multiple Access
|
|
FHSS
|
Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum.
|
|
FIFO
|
First in, first out. A queuing methodology
similar to lining up for a bank teller. Compare with LIFO
|
|
FIPS
|
US Federal Information Processing System
|
|
First Generation
|
Refers to early analog cell phone systems,
those developed in the 1980s but still in use today.
|
|
Fixed Radio Access (FRA)
|
A telephone system where subscribers are
connected to the Public Switched Telephone Network using radio signals rather
than copper wire for part or all of the connection between the subscriber and
the switch. Includes cordless access systems, proprietary fixed radio access
and fixed cellular systems. Synonymous with Radio in the Loop and Wireless
Local Loop Systems.
|
|
Fixed service
|
A point-to-point radio communications
service between specific fixed stations on the earth.
|
|
Fixed wireless network
|
Also called fixed cellular network. This
apparent contradiction in terms signifies a cellular network that is set up
to support fixed rather than mobile subscribers. Increasingly being used as a
fast and economic way to roll out modern telephone services, since it avoids
the need for fixed wires.
|
|
Fixed-satellite service (FSS)
|
A radio communication service between earth
stations at given fixed positions via one or more satellites.
|
|
FLEXA
|
Motorola one-way paging protocol that runs
at 1600, 3200 or 6400 bps. Compare with POCSAG
|
|
FM
|
Frequency Modulation; modulation of the RF
carrier frequency-another very simple modulation, used today in the FM band.
|
|
FOCC
|
Forward Control Channel. Used to send
signaling messages from a base station to one or multiple mobiles
|
|
FPLMTS
|
Future Public Land Mobile Telecommunications
Systems. Now IMT-2000
|
|
FR
|
Full Rate (e.g. for a voice coder). Compare
with FR
|
|
Fractional
|
A digital signal with a capacity lower than
T1 or E1; usually, fractional signals may have serial interfaces, such as
V.35, and data rates between 64 kbps and 2 MB.
|
|
Frame Relay
|
High performance WAN interface for
packet-switching networks used to handle bursty communications with rapidly
changing bandwidth needs; implemented over T1, DS-3 and OC-3
interfaces.
|
|
Free-Space Path Loss
|
In an antenna, the loss between two
isotropic radiators in free space resulting from the decrease in power
density with the square of the separation distance.
|
|
Frequency
|
The number of cycles per second at which a
current alternates, usually expressed in Hertz (Hz).
|
|
Frequency allocation
|
A band of radio frequencies identified by an
upper and lower frequency limit earmarked for use by one or more of the 38
terrestrial and space radio communications services defined by the
International Telecommunication Union under specified conditions.
|
|
Frequency allotment
|
The designation of portions of an allocated
frequency band to individual countries or geographical areas for a particular
radio communication service; for a satellite service, specific orbital
positions may also be allotted to individual countries.
|
|
Frequency assignment
|
Authorization given by a nation's government
for a station or an operator in that country to use a specific radio
frequency channel under specified conditions.
|
|
Frequency reuse factor (K)
|
A number based on frequency reuse to
determine how many channels per cell.
|
|
FSK
|
Frequency Shift Keying; a digital binary
modulation of the RF carrier frequency.
|
|
FSN
|
Frame Sequence Number
|
|
FTAM
|
File Transfer, Access and Management
|
|
FTN
|
Forward-To Number
|
|
FVC
|
Forward Analog voice channel, transmitted by
an MS
|
|
FWA
|
Fixed Wireless Access. See WLL
|
|
FWI
|
Flash with Information; used to transmit
data from an MS during a call
|
|
|
|
|
G
|
Top
|
|
|
|
|
G3FAX
|
Group III Facsimile service
|
|
G95
|
A sub-group of GGRF investigating roaming
between GSM and CDMA systems based on TIA/EIA-95 and cdma2000
|
|
GAD
|
Geographic Area Description. GSM 101.109
defines this. Related to T1.628
|
|
Gain, dB
|
A ratio of output divided by input,
expressed in decibels. In antennas, the ratio of the radiation intensity, in
a given direction, to the radiation intensity that would be obtained if the
power accepted by the antenna were radiated equally in all directions
(isotropically).
|
|
Gain, dBd
|
Antenna gain, expressed in decibels
referenced to a half wave dipole.
|
|
Gain, dBi
|
Antenna gain, expressed in decibels
referenced to a theoretical isotropic radiator.
|
|
Gain, dBic
|
Antenna gain, expressed in decibels
referenced to a theoretical isotropic radiator that is circularly polarized.
|
|
GAIT
|
GSM/ANSI-41 Interoperability Trial
|
|
GAP
|
SS7 ISUP Generic Address Parameter
|
|
Gateway MSC
|
An MSC designed to receive wireless calls
from the PSTN
|
|
Gbps
|
Gigabits per second. The transmission of ten
million bits of information per second, or 1,000 Mbps; also Gigabit Ethernet,
1000 BaseT.
|
|
GDP
|
ISUP Generic Digits Parameter
|
|
GECO
|
Global Emergency Call Origination
|
|
GEO
|
Geostationary Orbit (for a satellite)
|
|
Geostationary satellite orbit (GSO)
|
A circular orbit approximately 35,900 km
above the earth, in the plane of the earth's equator, in which a satellite
revolves around the earth in the same time that the earth rotates on its
axis; thus the satellite appears approximately stationary over one point on
the earth.
|
|
GERAN
|
GSM EDGE RAN
|
|
GETS
|
US Government Emergency Telecommunications
Service
|
|
GFSK
|
Gaussian FSK
|
|
GGRF
|
GSM Global Roaming Forum within the GSM
Association. Composed of GAIT, G95 and groups considering interworking with
iDEN and TETRA
|
|
GGSN
|
Gateway GPRS Service Node
|
|
GHOST
|
GSM Hosted Short Message Teleservice. Allows
TIA/EIA-136 messages to be delivered to a GSM MS
|
|
GHz
|
Gigahertz. The microwave frequency range, a
signal frequency equivalent to one billion cycles per second.
|
|
Giga
|
Prefix to indicate one billion (e.g.
Giga-bit). Abbreviated G
|
|
Gigabit
|
Ten million bits of information.
|
|
GII
|
Global Information Infrastructure
|
|
GIWU
|
GSM Inter-Working Unit. An interface to various
networks for data communications
|
|
Global challenge
|
Method of authentication using the same
random number (RAND) for every mobile in a cellsite or sector
|
|
GMM
|
GPRS Mobility Management Protocol
|
|
GMSC
|
See MSC-G
|
|
GMSK
|
Gaussian MSK
|
|
GPRS: General Packet Radio Service
|
A planned improvement for GSM networks that
implements packet switching for data communications. Instead of sending data
on dedicated circuits, a packet-switching network divides the information
into packets and transmits them on any of the network's available channels.
|
|
GPS
|
Global Positioning System. A system for
determining location based on comparing signals from several US military
satellites. Compare with AOA, TOA
|
|
GR
|
Telecordia Generic Requirements document
|
|
GSL
|
Global Service Logic
|
|
GSM: Global System for Mobile
Communications
|
The European standard for digital networks,
which guarantees the compatibility of wireless devices-so that a German cell
phone can be used on a French network, for example. Uses TDMA technology and
can be implemented in 900 MHz, 1800 MHz or 1900 MHz frequency bands.
|
|
GsmSCF
|
GSM SCF for CAMEL
|
|
GsmSRF
|
GSM SRF for CAMEL
|
|
GSN
|
GPRS support node
|
|
GSTN
|
General Switched Telephone Network. Synonym
for PSTN
|
|
GT
|
Global Title. A non-native SS7 address based
on E.164 DNA’s, E.212 IMSI, etc.
|
|
GTA
|
GT Address
|
|
GTAI
|
SS7 SCCP GT Address Indicator
|
|
GTT
|
(1)Global Title Translation. A method of
routing in SS7 networks based on an global titles and not Point Codes.
(2)Global Text Telephony
|
|
GUG
|
GVNS User Group
|
|
GUTS
|
General UDP Transport Service
|
|
GVNS
|
Global Virtual Network Service
|
|
|
|
|
H
|
Top
|
|
|
|
|
HA
|
MIP Home Agent
|
|
HAAA
|
Home AAA
|
|
HAC
|
HA Challenge
|
|
Half-Duplex Operation
|
Operating method in which transmission is
possible in both directions, but only in one direction at a time.
|
|
HANDMREQ
|
TIA/EIA-41 HandoffMeasurementRequest INVOKE
message. Being replaced by HANDMREQ2
|
|
HANDMREQ2
|
TIA/EIA-41 HandoffMeasurementRequest2 INVOKE
message. Used by the Serving MSC to determine the signal strength being
received by a neighboring Candidate MSC. Replaces HANDMREQ
|
|
Handoff
|
A frequency channel will be changed to a new
frequency channel as the vehicle moves from one cell to another without the
user's intervention.
|
|
HC
|
Home Country
|
|
HCM
|
Handset Configuration Management. See IOTA
|
|
HDLC
|
High Level Data Link Control
|
|
HDML
|
Handheld Markup Language
|
|
HE
|
Home Environment
|
|
Hertz
|
Unit of frequency equal to one cycle per
second.
|
|
HFC
|
(1)HF Counter. (2)Hybrid Fiber-Coax
|
|
HF
|
Hyperframe
|
|
High Frequency (HF)
|
A signal in the frequency range of from 3 to
30 MHz.
|
|
HIPPI
|
High-Performance Parallel Interface
|
|
HLPI
|
Higher Layer Protocol Identifier
|
|
HLR
|
Home Location Register
|
|
HMAC
|
Hashed MAC
|
|
Home MSC
|
The MSC to which the PSTN routes based on an
MDN
|
|
HomeRF
|
Promoters of the SWAP protocol for in-home
wireless networking
|
|
Hop
|
Refers to a single point-to-point radio
link, generally including two radio terminals and antenna systems.
|
|
Horizontal Polarization
|
In an antenna, a linearly polarized electric
field vector whose direction is horizontal relative to ground or some
arbitrary coordinate system.
|
|
HPC
|
High Probability of Completion
|
|
HPLMN
|
Home PLMN
|
|
HR
|
Half Rate (e.g. for a voice coder). Compare
with FR
|
|
HRFWG
|
HomeRF WG
|
|
HSCSD
|
High Speed Circuit Switched Data. GSM
enhanced to allow up to 57.6 kbps data rates
|
|
HTML
|
Hypertext Markup Language
|
|
HTTP
|
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (RFC 2068)
|
|
Hyperband Handoff
|
Handoff between two different frequency
bands (e.g. 800 MHz cellular and 1800 MHz PCS)
|
|
Hz
|
Cycles per second. A measure of radio
frequency
|
|
|
|
|
I
|
Top
|
|
|
|
|
IA5
|
International Alphabet 5. Basically the
ASCII character set
|
|
IAM
|
SS7 ISUP Initial Address Message. Used to
initiate a call
|
|
IANA
|
Internet Assigned Number Authority
|
|
IAP
|
Intercept Access Point. A point within the
telecommunications network that provides voice or data for CALEA interception
to a DF
|
|
Ic
|
see IXC
|
|
ICMP
|
Internet Control Message Protocol. Method
for reporting errors and performing loopback testing on the internet
|
|
ICO
|
Intermediate Circular Orbit
|
|
ICS
|
Implementation Conformance Statement
|
|
IDB
|
ITS Data Bus (SAE J2366)
|
|
IDEN
|
Integrated Digital Enhanced Network.
Motorola¹s proprietary system for E-SMR, used by Nextel and others.
Based on GSM
|
|
IDL
|
Interface Description Language
|
|
IE
|
Information Element
|
|
IEC
|
(1)See IXC. (2)Internet Engineering
Consortium. (3)International Electrotechnical Commission
|
|
IEEE
|
Institute of Electrical and Electronic
Engineers
|
|
IETF
|
Internet Engineering Task Force. Standards
setting body for the Internet
|
|
IF
|
Information Flow
|
|
IFAST
|
International Forum on AMPS Standards
Technology. Allocates IRM and SID codes
|
|
IFFT
|
Inverse FFT
|
|
IIF
|
Interworking and Interoperability Function
|
|
IK
|
Integrity Key
|
|
IKE
|
Internet Key Exchange
|
|
ILEC
|
Incumbent local exchange carrier; the local
telephone company who generally owns all the local loop installed
copper.
|
|
IMEI
|
International Mobile Equipment Identity
|
|
IMGI
|
International Mobile Group Identity
|
|
IMM
|
See IM
|
|
IMode
|
Japanese (NTT DoCoMo) wireless internet
access system. See cHTML
|
|
IMSI
|
International Mobile Subscriber Identity.
Formerly called International Mobile Station Identity. Based on the ITU-T
E.212 numbering plan
|
|
IMT-2000
|
The term used by the International
Telecommunications Union for the specification for the projected
third-generation wireless services. Formerly referred to as FPLMTS, Future
Public Land-Mobile Telephone Systems.
|
|
IMUI
|
International Mobile User Identity
|
|
INAP
|
IN AP. The IN messaging protocol
|
|
INC
|
Industry Numbering Committee (for the NANP
|
|
INM
|
Integrated Network Management
|
|
INN
|
Internal Network Number
|
|
Intelligent Network (IN)
|
A capability in the public telecom network
environment that allows new services such as Freephone or televoting to be
developed quickly and introduced on any scale, from a local trail to
network-wide. Also implies a well-developed network infrastructure.
|
|
Interface
|
A connection between two network elements.
Compare with Protocol
|
|
Internet
|
The name given to the worldwide collection
of networks and gateways using the TCP/IP protocol that functions as a single
virtual network.
|
|
Internetworking
|
A term used for the products, procedures and
technologies developed in order to connect networks together.
|
|
Intranet
|
A private network for an organization that
uses Internet software and standards.
|
|
Intserv
|
Integrated Services
|
|
INVOKE
|
Message sent to initiate an TCAP transaction
|
|
IOS
|
Inter-Operability Standard. A version of the
TIA/EIA-634 A-interface that enhances inter-vendor compatibility
|
|
IOTA
|
IP-based Over-the-Air configuration
management
|
|
IP
|
Internet protocol. An OSI model Layer 3
(network) format with addressing information and some control information for
routing packet traffic on wide networks, such as the Internet. Documented in
RFC 791.
|
|
IP Address
|
A number with 4 parts separated by dots:
e.g. 101.113.259.002. Every computer on the Internet has its own unique IP
address.
|
|
IPCP
|
IP Control Protocol
|
|
IPDR
|
Internet Protocol Detail Record. An internet
oriented record for carrying charging details for services. Compare with
CIBER, BAF, TAP, EMI
|
|
IPLMN
|
Interrogating PLMN
|
|
IP-M
|
IP Multicast
|
|
IpoA
|
IP over ATM
|
|
IPR
|
Intellectual Property Rights (e.g. patents)
|
|
IPSEC
|
IP Security
|
|
IR
|
(1)Infra-Red. (2)Intelligent Roaming
|
|
IRA
|
International Reference Alphabet
|
|
IRDB
|
IR Database. A database that can be loaded
into a phone over the radio interface that prioritizes systems that may be
detected by a phone based on carrier agreements
|
|
IREG
|
International Roaming Experts Group. A GSM
organization
|
|
IRM
|
International Roaming MIN. A mobile
subscription identifier beginning with the digit 0 or 1 to avoid conflict
with NANP MINs
|
|
IS-124
|
Wireless call detail and billing record
format for online transfer
|
|
IS-136
|
See TDMA (ANSI-136).
|
|
IS-136
|
Second generation TDMA air interface
standard
|
|
IS-2000
|
cdma2000 air interface standard. A successor
to TIA/EIA-95-B
|
|
IS-41
|
Wireless intersystems operation standard.
Now called TIA/EIA-41
|
|
IS-41-CIS-41
|
Revision C (Intersystem Operations Standard)
|
|
IS-54
|
First generation TDMA Radio Interface
standard
|
|
IS-634
|
See TIA/EIA-634
|
|
IS-637
|
CDMA short message service standard
|
|
IS-683
|
see TIA/EIA-683
|
|
IS-801
|
TIA/EIA interim standard for CDMA
MS-assisted position determination
|
|
IS-91
|
Most advanced analog air interface standard
(including NAMPS)
|
|
IS-93
|
Wireless-PSTN interface standard
|
|
IS-95
|
cdmaOne CDMA air interface standard
|
|
ISAKMP
|
Internet Security Association and Key
Management Protocol
|
|
ISC
|
International Switching Center
|
|
ISDN
|
Integrated Services Digital Network. A
digital public telecommunications network, in which multiple services (voice,
data, images and video) can be provided via standard terminal interfaces.
Offers two times 68 kbps over the landline network.
|
|
ISDN-UP
|
See ISUP
|
|
ISI
|
Inter-Symbol Interference
|
|
ISM
|
Industrial, Scientific, Medical frequency
band (2.4-2.5 GHz). Available around the world for unlicensed applications,
generally using low power and short distances
|
|
ISMA
|
Interference Sense Multiple Access
|
|
ISO
|
International Standards Organization. A
worldwide federation of national standards bodies which have united to
develop internationally accepted quality standards so that customers and
manufacturers have a system in place that provides a known quality, for
example, ISO 9001.
|
|
Isotropic Radiator
|
A hypothetical, lossless antenna having
equal radiation intensity in all directions; used as a zero-dB gain reference
in pattern measurements or directivity calculations.
|
|
ISP
|
Internet service provider; a company selling
Internet access and gateway services to individuals or organizations by
providing an interface to the Internet backbone.
|
|
IS-TIA
|
Interim Standard
|
|
ISUP
|
ISDN User Part. SS7 signaling between
switches
|
|
ITAR
|
US International Traffic in Arms Regulations
|
|
ITN
|
Individual Telephone Number Pooling. Phone
numbers can be assigned to carriers one at a time, instead of in blocks of
1,000 or 10,000
|
|
ITS
|
Intelligent Transportation System
("Smart Highways")
|
|
ITU
|
International Telecommunications Union.
Based in Geneva, the ITU is an organization of the UN that oversees cellular
standards around the world.
|
|
ITU-R
|
ITU - Radio Communications Division
|
|
ITU-T
|
ITU - Telecommunications Division
|
|
IVR
|
Interactive Voice Response
|
|
IVRU
|
IVR Unit
|
|
IWF
|
Inter-working Function. Used for wireless
data interworking between digital mode data and analog (e.g. modems)
|
|
IXC
|
Interexchange carrier; long distance
telephone companies, for example AT&T, MCI and Sprint, that provide
service between regions, generally interconnecting local telephone
exchanges.
|
|
|
|
|
J
|
Top
|
|
|
|
|
JDC
|
Japanese Digital Cellular
|
|
JIP
|
ISUP Jurisdiction Information Parameter
|
|
J-STD-025
|
LAES standard
|
|
J-STD-034
|
Wireless E911 Phase I standard (cellsite and
mobile identification, callback capabilities). See J-STD-036
|
|
J-STD-036
|
Wireless E911 Phase II standard (position of
caller within 125m/400ft). See J-STD-034
|
|
J-STD-Joint
|
ATIS-T1/TIA standard
|
|
JTACS
|
Japanese TACS
|
|
JTC
|
Joint Technical Committee (e.g. with members
of more than one SDO
|
|
|
|
|
K
|
Top
|
|
|
|
|
k
|
The Constraint Length of a convolutional
encoder or Viterbi decoder.
|
|
Kbps
|
kilobits per second
|
|
Kbps
|
Kilobits per second, a data rate equal to
1,000 bits per second.
|
|
Kc
|
GSM cipher key. Used for voice encryption
|
|
KG
|
Key Generator
|
|
Ki
|
GSM subscriber authentication key
|
|
Kilo
|
Prefix to indicate one thousand (e.g.
kilo-bit). Abbreviated k
|
|
KSG
|
Keystream Generators
|
|
KSI
|
Key Set Identifier
|
|
|
|
|
L
|
Top
|
|
|
|
|
L1
|
Layer 1
|
|
L2
|
Layer 2
|
|
L3
|
Layer 3
|
|
LAC
|
Link Access Control
|
|
LAES
|
Lawfully Authorized Electronic Surveillance.
See CALEA
|
|
LAI
|
Location Area Identity
|
|
LAK
|
Local Authentication Key
|
|
Land Mobile Station
|
A mobile station in the land-mobile service
capable of surface movement within the geographical limits of a country or
continent.
|
|
Land-Mobile Service
|
A mobile service between base stations and
land-mobile stations, or between land-mobile stations.
|
|
Land-Mobile-Satellite Service
|
A mobile satellite service in which mobile
earth stations are located on land.
|
|
LAP
|
Link Access Protocol
|
|
LAPB
|
Link Access Protocol, Balanced
|
|
LAPD
|
Link Access Protocol for the ISDN D Channel
|
|
Last Mile
|
The access portion of a network that extends
the backbone to the end-user or customer.
|
|
LATA
|
Local Access and Transport Area. US local
telephone service area
|
|
LB
|
Letter Ballot
|
|
LBS
|
Location Based Services
|
|
LC
|
SGSM Location Services
|
|
LCP
|
Link Control Protocol
|
|
LDT
|
Location Determination Technology
|
|
LEA
|
Law Enforcement Agency
|
|
Leakage
|
Inability to bill for a service
|
|
Leased line
|
Exclusive WAN connection rented from a
telco; also called a private line.
|
|
LEC
|
Local Exchange Carrier (wireline carrier for
local calls). Also see ILEC and CLEC
|
|
LE-LAN
|
License exempt LAN; unlicensed wireless
regulation established by Industry Canada (IC) that matches the UNII band in
the USA.
|
|
LEO
|
Low Earth Orbit
|
|
LERG
|
Local Exchange Routing Guide. Includes a
list of valid number blocks in the NANP
|
|
LFB
|
Lookahead For Busy
|
|
LIDB
|
Line Information DataBase. Used for
validating collect calls, 3rd party calls, etc.
|
|
LIF
|
Location Interoperability Forum
|
|
LIFO
|
Last in, first out. A queuing methodology
similar to stacking dishes. Compare with FIFO
|
|
LIR
|
Location Identification Restriction.
Prevents the location of a mobile phone from being revealed (with legal
exceptions for E911, etc.)
|
|
LMDS
|
Local Multipoint Distribution Service
|
|
LMSI
|
Local Mobile Station Identity. See TMSI
|
|
LMU
|
GSM Location Measurement Unit
|
|
LND
|
Last Number Dialed
|
|
LNP
|
Local Number Portability. Allows consumers
to keep a phone number when changing carriers within the same geographical
region
|
|
LNPWG
|
Local Number Portability Working Group of
NANC
|
|
Local Area Network (LAN)
|
A series of connected workstations and
computers that a re-linked in a limited geographical are a (e.g., office,
building, and/or campus). LANs are usually low-cost, high-bandwidth networks
which connect many nodes using Ethernet.
|
|
Local Exchange
|
Exchange in which subscribers' lines terminate,
having access to other exchanges and to national trunk networks. Also,
central office (CO). A local exchange carrier (LEC) is a common carrier that
operates local exchanges in a given geographical area. (See ILEC and
RBOC).
|
|
Local Loop
|
Telephone wires and other facilities that
link local subscribers to the local telephone company's central office.
|
|
Long Haul
|
Voice, data or video transmission over
unlimited distances.
|
|
LOS
|
Line of Sight. Always desirable for radio
communications, and usually necessary for optical communications
|
|
Low earth orbit (LEO)
|
Any orbit around the earth substantially
below the geostationary satellite orbit, generally below the geostationary
satellite orbit, generally within several hundred km above the earth's
surface and usually inclined to the equatorial plane.
|
|
Low Frequency (LF)
|
A signal in the frequency range of from 300
to 3000 kHz.
|
|
LPC
|
Linear Predictive Coding
|
|
LPDE
|
Local PDE
|
|
LPDU
|
Link Protocol Data Unit. A frame
|
|
LRF
|
Location Registration Function. See WIN
|
|
LRN
|
Location Routing Number. A routing number
that identifies the terminating switch for a Ported DN
|
|
LSB
|
Least Significant Bit or Byte. Compare with
MSB
|
|
LSMS
|
Local Service Management System
|
|
LSPI
|
Proposed SS7 ISUP Local Service Provider
Identification
|
|
LT
|
Line Termination
|
|
LUDT
|
Long UDT. Supports messages up to 3
kilobytes in length
|
|
LYNX
|
Western Multiplex' spread spectrum T1/E1 and
unlicensed DS-3 radio trade name.
|
|
|
|
|
M
|
Top
|
|
|
|
|
M
|
Mandatory (e.g. for a parameter)
|
|
M3UA
|
SS7 MTP3 User Adaptation Layer
|
|
MABEL
|
Major Account Billing Exchange Logistical
Record. Defined by Cibernet to facilitate centralized billing for large
account customers
|
|
MACA
|
Mobile Assisted Channel Allocation. Mobile
determines the best alternate cellsite to originate a call in, when no
channels are available in the current site
|
|
MAH
|
Mobile Access Hunting. Termination to one of
a group of mobiles
|
|
MAHO
|
Mobile Assisted Handoff. Mobile measures
signal strength at neighboring base stations to determine which to handoff to
|
|
MAP
|
Mobile AP. Protocol that interconnects
wireless telephone systems. See GSM and TIA/EIA-41
|
|
Mbps
|
Megabits per second is the transmission of
one million bits of information per second.
|
|
MC
|
(1)Short Message Center. (2)Multi-carrier
|
|
MCC
|
E.212 Mobile Country Code
|
|
MCI
|
Malicious Call Identification
|
|
MCID
|
See MCI
|
|
Mcps
|
Million Chips-per-second. See CDMA
|
|
MD5
|
Message Digest 5
|
|
MD-IS
|
Mobile Data - Intermediate System. A CDPD
term
|
|
MDN
|
Mobile Directory Number (DN)
|
|
ME
|
Mobile Equipment. Compare with MS
|
|
MEA
|
Message Encryption Algorithm
|
|
Media Access Control (MAC)
|
A method of controlling access to a
transmission facility, for example, Ethernet, token ring, etc.
|
|
Mega
|
Prefix to indicate one million (e.g.
Mega-bit). Abbreviated M
|
|
Megabit
|
One million bits of information.
|
|
MEGACO
|
Media Gateway Control - IETF Working Group
|
|
MEI
|
Mobility Event Indicator
|
|
MEMS
|
Micro-Electronic Mechanical System
|
|
meta-language
|
A language that can be used to define other
languages. See ASN.1 and BNF
|
|
MeXe
|
Mobile Execution Environment
|
|
MF
|
(1)Multi-frequency tone signaling. Used for
trunk signaling. (2)UIM Master File. Compare with EF and DF
|
|
MG
|
Media Gateway
|
|
MGC
|
MG Controller
|
|
MGCF
|
MG Control Function. Controls the Media
Gateway
|
|
MGCP
|
MG Control Protocol. A VoIP call control
standard. Also see older protocol SGCP
|
|
MGW
|
Media Gateway. Interface between packet
environment of CN and circuit environment of PSTN
|
|
MHz
|
Million Hz. A measure of radio frequency
|
|
MIB
|
Management Information (Data)Bases
|
|
Microstrip Antenna
|
One consisting of a thin metallic conductor
(patch) bonded to a thin grounded dielectric substrate and fed by a coaxial
probe or a microstrip transmission line.
|
|
Microwave
|
A signal in the generic frequency range from
above 1 GHz to an upper end of perhaps 30 or 40 GHz. This is the frequency
range where coaxial cabled TEM mode signal propagation is viable.
|
|
MIN
|
Mobile Identification Number. 10 digit
identifier of a mobile subscription. see IRM
|
|
MIN1
|
The last 7 digits of a MIN encoded in a
weird, but compact, 24 bit binary format
|
|
MIN2
|
The first 3 digits of a MIN encoded in a
very weird, but compact, 10 bit binary format
|
|
MIP
|
Mobile IP
|
|
MIPS
|
Million Instructions per Second. Measurement
of processor speed
|
|
MLC
|
Mobile Location Center
|
|
MLPP
|
Multi-Level Precedence and Preemption
|
|
MM
|
Mobility Management
|
|
MMDS
|
Multi-channel Multi-Point Distribution
Service
|
|
MMI
|
Man-Machine Interface
|
|
MMTA
|
MultiMedia Telecommunications Association. A
subsidiary of TIA
|
|
MNC
|
E.212 Mobile Network Code (identifies an
individual carrier, or a portion of a carrier network)
|
|
MNIC
|
Mobile Network Identification Code
|
|
MNID
|
Mobile Node Identification
|
|
MO
|
Mobile Originated/Originating
|
|
Mobile Cellular Systems
|
A high capacity system operating at 800-900
MHz using a frequency reuse scheme for vehicle and portable telephone
communications.
|
|
Mobile Service
|
A radio communication service between mobile
and fixed stations, or between mobile stations. Depending on whether one or
more of the earth stations are on land, sea, or air, the service would be
called land mobile, maritime mobile, or aeronautical mobile.
|
|
Mobile Station
|
A station in the mobile service intended to
be used while in motion or during halts at unspecified points.
|
|
Mobile-Satellite Service (MSS)
|
A service that links mobile earth stations
with base stations and with one another via one or more satellites.
|
|
Mobitex
|
An Ericsson Wireless Data protocol, once
known as RAM Mobile Data in the US.
|
|
Monopole Antenna
|
One constructed above a ground plane
producing a radiation pattern approximating that of a dipole in the
half-space above the ground plane.
|
|
MOS
|
Mean Opinion Score. A method of measuring
quality (e.g. of wireless voice transmission) by asking people to rank their
opinion on a numeric scale, and then averaging the results.
|
|
MoU
|
(1)GSM Memorandum of Understanding. The
guidelines under which GSM systems are implemented. (2)Minutes of Use. A
common measure of the usage of a group of subscribers
|
|
MPC
|
Mobile Position Center. Interfaces between
MSC, PDE, CRDB and ESME
|
|
MPCAP
|
Mobility Positioning Capabilities
|
|
MPCI
|
Mobile PCI
|
|
MPLS
|
Multi Protocol Label Switching. An IP
protocol designed to provide preferred treatment to priority traffic to
achieve a higher QoS
|
|
MRF
|
Media Resource Function. Provides conference
bridges, announcements, tones and so forth to IP-based telephony networks
|
|
MS
|
Mobile Station (wireless phone)
|
|
MSA
|
Metropolitan Statistical Area. CGSA for
urban cellular systems
|
|
MSB
|
Most Significant Bit or Byte. Compare with
LSB
|
|
MSC
|
Mobile Switching Center
|
|
MSC-G
|
See Gateway MSC
|
|
MSC-H
|
See Home MSC
|
|
MSCIN
|
MSC Identification Number
|
|
MSC-O
|
See Originating MSC
|
|
MSC-V
|
Visited MSC. The MSC which a mobile is
currently registered in
|
|
MSEIA
|
MS Emergency Information Assistance
|
|
MSID
|
Mobile Station Identifier. Either a MIN or
IMSI
|
|
MSISDN
|
MS ISDN number. Same as MDN
|
|
MSK
|
Minimum Shift Keying. FSK where peak-to-peak
FM deviation is half the data rate
|
|
MSRN
|
Mobile Station Roaming Number. The GSM
equivalent of the ANSI-41 TLDN
|
|
MSS
|
Mobile Satellite System/Service
|
|
MS-SME
|
SME(1) embedded in MS
|
|
MT
|
Mobile Terminated/Termination
|
|
MTA
|
Major Trading Area
|
|
MTE
|
Months to Exhaust. The time at which a
numbering resource (e.g. area code) is expected to be fully utilized
|
|
MTP
|
Message Transfer Part (SS7 transport layer)
|
|
MTP2
|
MTP Layer 2
|
|
MTP3
|
MTP Layer 3
|
|
MTSO
|
Older term for MSC
|
|
MTTR
|
Mean Time to Restore (after failure)
|
|
Multimedia
|
In the context of mobile communications, a
service that may combine voice, data, graphics and video information.
|
|
Multi-path
|
Wireless reception of multiple signals over
one or more paths; in a normal line-of-sight fixed wireless link, the direct
path dominates the received signal. During fading conditions or when the
direct line-of-sight path is obstructed, one or more signals from objects
causing reflections may be received. Reflected signals may cause constructive
or destructive interference and the wireless link must be designed to operate
reliably in multi-path situations.
|
|
Multiple Access
|
A method for accommodating more users in the
same frequency band.
|
|
Multiplexing
|
Generally, a method of combining more than
one signal or channel onto a single circuit or signal.
|
|
MUX
|
Multiplexer
|
|
MWN
|
Message Waiting Notification (e.g. stutter
dial tone or an indication on a wireless phone's display)
|
|
MWNE
|
Managed Wireless Network Entity. A piece of
equipment that provides OA&M data
|
|
|
|
|
N
|
Top
|
|
|
|
|
N-1 Switch
|
The switch responsible for LNP queries
|
|
NAA
|
Network Access Application
|
|
NACK
|
Negative ACK
|
|
NAI
|
Network Access Identifier
|
|
NAM
|
Number Assignment Module. A portion of a
mobile phone that stores a single user profile, including MIN and IMSI, but
not ESN
|
|
NAMPS
|
Narrowband AMPS
|
|
NANC
|
North American Numbering Council. The
organization responsible for overseeing the distribution of telephone numbers
in the NANP
|
|
NANP
|
North American Numbering Plan
|
|
NANPA
|
North American Numbering Plan Administrator
(or Area)
|
|
Narrowband
|
A classification of the information capacity
or bandwidth of a communication channel. Narrowband is generally taken to
mean a bandwidth of 64 kbps or below.
|
|
NAS
|
Non-Access Stratum
|
|
NCAS
|
Non-Call Associated Signaling. Compare with
CAS
|
|
NCGW
|
Network Capability Gateway
|
|
NCS
|
National Communication System. Responsible
for US Government communication
|
|
NDC
|
E.164 National Destination Code
|
|
NE
|
Network Entity
|
|
NEBS
|
Network Equipment Building Systems
|
|
Network Layer
|
Layer 3 of the OSI model, at which routing
occurs using the network address .
|
|
NFS
|
Number Field Sieve. Used in cryptography
|
|
NI
|
(1)Network Identity. (2)Number Incomplete
|
|
Nibble
|
Four bits
|
|
NID
|
Network Identification. A number that
uniquely identifies a portion of a wireless carrier¹s total system.
Used by TIA/EIA-95 systems
|
|
NIST
|
US National Institute of Standards and
Technology
|
|
NL
|
Neighbor List
|
|
NMR
|
Network Measurement Results
|
|
NMSI
|
National Mobile Subscription Identity
|
|
NMT
|
Nordic Mobile Telephone. An analog cellular
system available either in the 450 MHz or 900 MHz bands
|
|
Node
|
A termination point for two or more
communications links. The node can serve as the control location for
forwarding or switching data among the elements of a network.
|
|
Noise
|
Introduction of unwanted energy into a
communications path that can change the information signal.
|
|
Noise-like
|
Having properties that cause the appearance
of true random noise.
|
|
Nonce
|
A number that is used only once. Often used
in cryptography
|
|
NP
|
Number Portability
|
|
NPA
|
NANP Numbering Plan Area (i.e. area code)
|
|
NPAC
|
NP Administration Center
|
|
NPDB
|
Number Portability Database. A list of
ported numbers and associated LRN's used for LNP routing
|
|
NPDE
|
Network PDE
|
|
NPDU
|
Network Protocol Data Unit. A packet
|
|
NPI
|
Numbering Plan Identifier
|
|
NPM
|
Non-Public Mode Service
|
|
NPR
|
MFCC Notice of Proposed Rulemaking
|
|
NRM
|
Network Reference Model (e.g.
TIA/EIA/TSB-100)
|
|
NRN
|
Network Routing Number
|
|
NRTL
|
Nationally Recognized Test Lab
|
|
NRZ
|
Non-RZ
|
|
NS/EP
|
US National Security and Emergency
Preparedness
|
|
NSA
|
US National Security Agency. Keeps a tight
grip on exports of US encryption technology
|
|
NSDPB&S
|
Non-signaling Data Protocol for Billing and
Settlement. subset of IS-124
|
|
NSDPF
|
Non-signaling Data Protocol for Fraud. A
subset of IS-124
|
|
NSDU
|
Network Service Data Unit
|
|
NSEP
|
National Security and Emergency
Preparedness. People who are eligible for PAS/PACA
|
|
NSN
|
National Significant Number. All of an E.164
number apart from the CC, i.e. NDC + SN
|
|
NSP
|
Network service provider.
|
|
NSS
|
Network and Switching Subsystem
|
|
NSTAC
|
US National Security Telecommunications
Advisory Council
|
|
NT
|
Network Termination
|
|
NTS
|
Number Translation Service
|
|
Nulls
|
In an antenna, near zero-level signals of
sharp angular width seen in a radiation patterns. The opposite of lobes.
|
|
Number Pooling
|
Sharing a block of numbers between carriers.
In the NANP this means that a block of 10,000 numbers is shared (currently in
multiples of 1,000) by several carriers. Pooling is implemented using LNP
|
|
NXX
|
Digits 4-6 of a NANP directory number. N can
be any digit 2-8, while X can be any digit 0-9
|
|
|
|
|
O
|
Top
|
|
|
|
|
O
|
Optional (e.g. for a parameter)
|
|
O&M
|
Operations and Maintenance
|
|
O/E
|
Odd/Even
|
|
OA&M
|
Operations, Administration and Maintenance
|
|
OAA
|
Over-the-Air Activation. See OTA
|
|
OAM&P
|
Operations, Administration, Maintenance and
Provisioning
|
|
OATS
|
Over-the-Air Activation Teleservice. See
TIA/EIA-136
|
|
O-BCSM
|
Originating BCSM
|
|
OBF
|
Ordering and Billing Forum of ATIS
|
|
OC-1
|
SONET service at 52 Mbit/sec
|
|
OC-12
|
Optical carrier 12, approximately 622 Mbps;
a signal in the SONET hierarchy designed for fiber optic transmission.
|
|
OC-192
|
SONET service at 9,953 Mbit/sec
|
|
OC-3
|
Optical carrier 3, approximately 155 Mbps; a
signal in the SONET hierarchy designed for fiber optic transmission.
|
|
OC-48
|
SONET service at 2,488 Mbit/sec
|
|
OC-768
|
SONET service at 38,813 Mbit/sec
|
|
OCDM
|
Optical Code Division Multiplexing
|
|
OCH
|
Optical Channel
|
|
OCN
|
Operating Company Number. US identifier for
a telecom carrier
|
|
Octet
|
A snooty standards term for byte
|
|
ODB
|
Operator Determined Barring
|
|
OET
|
US FCC Office of Engineering &
Technology
|
|
OFA
|
Optical Fiber Gateway
|
|
OFDMA
|
Orthogonal FDMA
|
|
OFS
|
Operational fixed services, a designation
used by the FCC to describe private microwave networks licensed under Part
94.
|
|
OG
|
Optical Gateway
|
|
OHG
|
Operators Harmonization Group. A group of
wireless carriers that wants to make CDMA systems work on both ANSI-41 and
GSM networks
|
|
OLA
|
Optical Line Amplifier
|
|
OLC
|
Overload Control
|
|
OLI
|
Originating Line Indicator. ISUP parameter
that identifies the class of phone (e.g. residential, payphone, hotel/motel)
|
|
OLNS
|
Originating Line Number Screening (using
LIDB
|
|
OLT
|
Optical Line Termination
|
|
OMC
|
Operations and Maintenance Center
|
|
Omnidirectionality
|
That property of an antenna exhibiting a
non-directional pattern in a given plane.
|
|
OMT
|
Overhead Message Train (messages transmitted
from base station on the analog control channel
|
|
ON
|
Optical Network
|
|
OPC
|
Originating Point Code. Where an SS7 message
came from
|
|
OPDU
|
Operation PDU
|
|
OPSP
|
Origination Participation Service Provider
|
|
OPTS
|
Over-the-Air Programming Teleservice. See
TIA/EIA-136
|
|
OQPSK
|
Offset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying; QPSK
with an initial phase offset (of usually 45 degrees); OQPSK has less envelope
AM than QPSK.
|
|
Originating MSC
|
|